Mali 
Facts
Population:
11,008,518 (July 2001 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
47.2% (male 2,612,215; female 2,583,370)
15-64 years:
49.73% (male 2,610,142; female 2,864,127)
65 years and over:
3.07% (male 158,486; female 180,178) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.97% (2001 est.)
Birth rate:
48.79 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Death rate:
18.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.36 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.91 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.88 male(s)/female
total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
121.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
47.02 years
male:
45.84 years
female:
48.24 years (2001 est.)
Total fertility rate:
6.81 children born/woman (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
2.03% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
100,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
9,900 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Malian(s)
adjective:
Malian
Ethnic groups:
Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Religions:
Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1%
Languages:
French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
31%
male:
39.4%
female:
23.1% (1995 est.)
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $9.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4.8% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $850 (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture:
46%
industry:
21%
services:
33% (1998)
Population below poverty line:
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:
1.8%
highest 10%:
40.4% (1994)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
0.8% (2000 est.)
Labor force:
NA
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture and fishing 80% (1998 est.)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$730 million
expenditures:
$770 million, including capital expenditures of $320 million (1997 est.)
Industries:
minor local consumer goods production and food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Industrial production growth rate:
NA
Electricity - production:
445 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel:
44.94%
hydro:
55.06%
nuclear:
0%
other:
0% (1999)
Electricity - consumption:
413.9 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (1999)
Agriculture - products:
cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Exports:
$480 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities:
cotton 50%, gold, livestock (1999 est.)
Exports - partners:
Italy 18%, Thailand 15%, Germany 7%, Portugal 4% (1999)
Imports:
$575 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, construction materials, petroleum, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners:
Cote d'Ivoire 19%, France 19%, Senegal 4%, Benelux 3% (1999)
Debt - external:
$3 billion (1999)
Economic aid - recipient:
$596.4 million (1995)
Currency:
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Currency code:
XOF
Exchange rates:
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Statistics: CIA World Factbook.
Press
Concorde
(Independent weekly), Bamako
Les Echos
(Online French-language newspaper), Bamako
L'Essor-La Voix du Peuple
(government paper), Bamako
Podium
(Independent weekly), Bamako
Republican, The
(Independent weekly), Bamako
Mali in the News
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Displaying 1 to 4 of 17 items.
Shariah law comes in different forms, and if Somalia is to adopt a viable version of it, it must be a system that is accountable and takes care of its people.
If Somalia is to quell the religious extremism and violence that poisons its society, the government needs to develop a new paradigm of non-violence and cooperation.
Non-military solutions need to be considered to deal with to the Somali piracy dilemma.
The Somali pirates operating in the Gulf of Aden are part of a regional Jihadi apparatus.
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