Romania 
Facts
Population:
22,364,022 (July 2001 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
17.95% (male 2,054,323; female 1,959,196)
15-64 years:
68.51% (male 7,605,751; female 7,715,434)
65 years and over:
13.54% (male 1,255,880; female 1,773,438) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate:
-0.21% (2001 est.)
Birth rate:
10.8 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Death rate:
12.28 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female
total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
19.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
70.16 years
male:
66.36 years
female:
74.19 years (2001 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.35 children born/woman (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.02% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
7,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
350 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Romanian(s)
adjective:
Romanian
Ethnic groups:
Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 7.1%, Roma 1.8%, German 0.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, other 0.8% (1992)
Religions:
Romanian Orthodox 70%, Roman Catholic 3%, Uniate Catholic 3%, Protestant 6%, unaffiliated 18%
Languages:
Romanian, Hungarian, German
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
97%
male:
98%
female:
95% (1992 est.)
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $132.5 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
2.2% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $5,900 (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture:
13.9%
industry:
32.6%
services:
53.5% (2000)
Population below poverty line:
44.5% (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:
3.8%
highest 10%:
20.2% (1992)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
45.7% (2000 est.)
Labor force:
9.9 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture 40%, industry 25%, services 35% (1998)
Unemployment rate:
11.5% (1999)
Budget:
revenues:
$11.7 billion
expenditures:
$12.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Industries:
textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining
Industrial production growth rate:
8% (2000)
Electricity - production:
49.036 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel:
53.99%
hydro:
36.18%
nuclear:
9.81%
other:
0.02% (1999)
Electricity - consumption:
44.768 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports:
1.935 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports:
1.1 billion kWh (1999)
Agriculture - products:
wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, grapes; eggs, sheep
Exports:
$11.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities:
textiles and footwear 26%, metals and metal products 15%, machinery and equipment 11%, minerals and fuels 6% (1999)
Exports - partners:
Italy 23%, Germany 18%, France 6%, Turkey 5%, US (1999)
Imports:
$11.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment 23%, fuels and minerals 12%, chemicals 9%, textile and products 19% (1999)
Imports - partners:
Italy 20%, Germany 19%, France 7%, Russia 6% (1999)
Debt - external:
$9.3 billion (2000 est.)
Currency:
leu (ROL)
Currency code:
ROL
Exchange rates:
lei per US dollar - 26,243.0 (January 2001), 21,708.7 (2000), 15,332.8 (1999), 8,875.6 (1998), 7,167.9 (1997), 3,084.2 (1996); note - lei is the plural form of leu
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Statistics: CIA World Factbook.
Press
1 2 3 4 
Displaying 1 to 7 of 27 items.
(Satirical weekly), Bucharest
http://www.catavencu.ro
(Independent), Bucharest
http://adevarulonline.ro/
Azi
(National Salvation Front-affiliated), Bucharest
(Independent), Bucharest
http://www.azi.ro
(Daily Newspaper), Bucharest
http://www.daily-news.ro
(Business monthly), Bucharest
http://www.businesstravelromania.ro/
(Independent, Conservative), Bucharest
http://www.cotidianul.ro
Romania in the News
1 2 3
Displaying 1 to 4 of 10 items.
Since becoming a member of the European Union, Romania has aligned itself with Europe and the United States and almost totally disengaged from its post-cold war posture.
On Sept. 26, The European Commission released a report giving the go-ahead to the two countries, while placing strict conditions on the terms of their membership.
Outgoing President Iliescu of Romania has made two controversial last-minute decisions designed to shock the public and the Romanian and foreign political elite.
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