Myanmar 
Facts
Population:
41,994,678
note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
29.14% (male 6,245,798; female 5,992,074)
15-64 years:
66.08% (male 13,779,571; female 13,970,707)
65 years and over:
4.78% (male 895,554; female 1,110,974) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.6% (2001 est.)
Birth rate:
20.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Death rate:
12.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Net migration rate:
-1.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female
total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
73.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
55.16 years
male:
53.73 years
female:
56.68 years (2001 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.3 children born/woman (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
1.99% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
530,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
48,000 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Burmese (singular and plural)
adjective:
Burmese
Ethnic groups:
Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Mon 2%, Indian 2%, other 5%
Religions:
Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist 1%, other 2%
Languages:
Burmese, minority ethnic groups have their own languages
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
83.1%
male:
88.7%
female:
77.7% (1995 est.)
note:
these are official statistics; estimates of functional literacy are likely closer to 30% (1999 est.)
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $63.7 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4.9% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture:
42%
industry:
17%
services:
41% (2000 est.)
Population below poverty line:
23% (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:
2.8%
highest 10%:
32.4% (1998)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
18% (1999)
Labor force:
19.7 million (FY98/99 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture 65%, industry 10%, services 25% (1999 est.)
Unemployment rate:
7.1% (official FY97/98 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$7.9 billion
expenditures:
$12.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.7 billion (FY96/97)
Industries:
agricultural processing; textiles and footwear; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer
Industrial production growth rate:
NA%
Electricity - production:
4.813 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel:
68.56%
hydro:
31.44%
nuclear:
0%
other:
0% (1999)
Electricity - consumption:
4.476 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (1999)
Agriculture - products:
paddy rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; hardwood
Exports:
$1.3 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities:
apparel 36%, foodstuffs 22%, wood products 21%, precious stones 5% (1999)
Exports - partners:
India 13%, Singapore 11%, China 11%, US 8% (1999 est.)
note:
official trade statistics do not include trade in illicit goods - such as narcotics, teak, and gems - or the largely unrecorded border trade with China and Thailand
Imports:
$2.5 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities:
machinery, transport equipment, construction materials, food products
Imports - partners:
Singapore 28%, Thailand 12%, China 10%, Japan 10%, South Korea 9% (1999 est.)
Debt - external:
$6 billion (FY99/00 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
$99 million (FY98/99)
Currency:
kyat (MMK)
Currency code:
MMK
Exchange rates:
kyats per US dollar - official rate - 6.5972 (January 2001), 6.5167 (2000), 6.2858 (1999), 6.3432 (1998), 6.2418 (1997), 5.9176 (1996); kyats per US dollar - black market exchange rate - 435 (yearend 2000)
Fiscal year:
1 April - 31 March
Statistics: CIA World Factbook.
Press
(Semi-independent, English-language), Yangon
http://www.myanmar.com/myanmartimes/
(Government-controlled), Yangon
http://www.myanmar.com/nlm/
Myanmar in the News
1 2 3 4 5 
Displaying 13 to 16 of 17 items.
Dr. Cynthia Maung, humanitarian and medical doctor, is described by the public as Burma's Mother Theresa.
After 12 years of cracking down on pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s military junta is finally showing hopeful signs of reconciliation with its former political foe.
Cross-border drug trade is increasing in Southeast Asia, creating regional strains among the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as well as ratcheting up tensions between Thailand and Burma.
Sann Aung now serves as the labor minister for the government-in-exile. Hong Kong’s centrist South China Morning Post reported that even his marriage in June was tinged with an exile’s sadness: His parents, whom he has not seen for 10 years, remain in Burma.
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